Bubble goods? Heavy cargo? How to define?

If you want to understand the definition of overpriced goods and heavy goods, you need to know what actual weight, dimensional weight, and billable weight are.

1. Actual weight

Actual Weight is the weight obtained by weighing (weighing), including actual gross weight (G.W.) and actual net weight (Net Weight, N.W.). The most common is the actual gross weight.

In air cargo transportation, the actual gross weight is often compared with the calculated volumetric weight, and whichever is greater is used to calculate and charge freight.

2. Volume weight

[Volume Weight] Volumetric Weight or Dimensions Weight, that is, the weight calculated from the volume of goods according to a certain conversion coefficient or calculation formula.

In air cargo transportation, the conversion factor for calculating volumetric weight is generally 1:167, that is, one cubic meter is approximately equal to 167 kilograms.

For example: the actual gross weight of an air cargo is 95 kilograms and the volume is 1.2 cubic meters. Calculated according to the air freight coefficient of 1:167, the volumetric weight of this cargo is 1.2*167=200.4 kilograms, which is greater than the actual gross weight of 95 kilograms, so this cargo forBubble goods(Also called thrown cargo, light cargo, in English called Light Weight Cargo or Light Cargo/Goods or Low Density Cargo or Measurement Cargo). Airlines will charge based on volumetric weight, not actual gross weight.Please note that air freight is generally called bubble cargo, and sea freight is generally called light cargo. The names are different.

Another example: the actual gross weight of a piece of air cargo is 560 kg and the volume is 1.5CBM. Calculated according to the air freight coefficient of 1:167, the volumetric weight of this piece of cargo is 1.5*167=250.5 kg, which is less than the actual gross weight of 560 kg, so the cargo forHeavy cargo(called Dead Weight Cargo or Heavy Cargo/Goods or High Density Cargo in English), airlines will charge based on actual gross weight, not volumetric weight.

In short, calculate the volumetric weight according to a certain conversion factor, and then compare the volumetric weight with the actual weight. Whichever is greater will be charged accordingly.

3. Billing weight

[Chargeable Weight] In English, it is called Chargeable Weight, or C.W. for short, which is the weight based on which freight or other miscellaneous charges are calculated.

The billable weight is either the actual gross weight or the volumetric weight. The billable weight = actual weight VS volumetric weight, whichever is greater is the weight for calculating transportation charges.

4. Calculation method

Calculation method for express and air freight:

Rule items:

Length (cm) × Width (cm) × Height (cm) ÷ 6000 = Volume weight (KG), that is, 1CBM≈166.66667KG.

Irregular items:

Longest (cm) × widest (cm) × highest (cm) ÷6000 = volume weight (KG), that is, 1CBM≈166.66667KG.

This is an internationally accepted algorithm.

In short, if the weight of 1 cubic meter is greater than 166.67 kilograms, it is called heavy goods, and if the weight of 1 cubic meter is less than 166.67 kilograms, it is called unsold goods. Heavy goods are charged according to the actual gross weight, and bulk goods are charged according to the volumetric weight.

Precautions:

1. CBM is the abbreviation of Cubic Meter, which means cubic meter.

2. The volumetric weight is also calculated according to length (cm) × width (cm) × height (cm) ÷ 5000. It is not common. Generally, only express companies use this algorithm.

3. In fact, the classification of heavy cargo and light cargo in air cargo transportation is much more complicated. For example, according to the density, there are 1:300, 1:400, 1:500, 1:800, 1:1000, etc..Different proportions, different prices.

For example, 1:300 is 25 yuan/kg, 1:500 is 24 yuan/kg. The so-called 1:300 means that 1 cubic meter is equal to 300 kilograms, 1:400 means that 1 cubic meter is equal to 400 kilograms, and so on.

4. In order to make full use of the space and load capacity of the aircraft, heavy cargo and bulk cargo are generally reasonably matched. Air transport stowage is a technical job - if the combination is good, the limited space resources of the aircraft can be fully utilized. If done well, even Additional profits can be significantly increased. Too much heavy cargo will waste space (it will be overweight if the cabin is not filled), and too much cargo will waste the load capacity (it will be full if it does not reach the maximum weight).

Calculation method of sea freight:

1. The classification of heavy cargo and light cargo by sea transport is much simpler than that by air transport. my country's sea transport LCL business basically distinguishes heavy cargo and light cargo based on the standard that 1 cubic meter equals 1 ton. In sea freight LCL, heavy goods are rare, and they are basically light goods. Moreover, sea freight LCL calculates freight based on volume, which is fundamentally different from air freight calculating freight based on weight, so it is relatively simple. Many people have done a lot of sea freight, but they have never heard of light cargo and heavy cargo because they are basically not used.

2. According to the ship’s stowage, all goods whose cargo stowage factor is less than the ship’s cabin capacity coefficient are called dead weight cargo/heavy goods; all goods whose cargo stowage factor is greater than the ship’s cabin capacity coefficient are called dead weight cargo/heavy goods. Measurement Cargo/Light Goods.

3. According to the freight calculation perspective and international shipping business practices, any cargo with a cargo stowage factor less than 1.1328 cubic meters/ton or 40 cubic feet/ton is called heavy cargo; any cargo with a cargo stowage factor greater than 1.1328 cubic meters/ton or 40 cubic feet/ton Cubic feet/ton of cargo is called light cargo/bulk cargo.

4. The concepts of heavy cargo and light cargo are closely related to stowage, transportation, storage and billing. The carrier or freight forwarding company distinguishes between heavy cargo, light cargo/bubble cargo according to certain standards.

Tips:

Shipping LCL is based on the density of water: 1000KGS/1CBM. Cargo weight is measured in tons compared to the number of cubes. If it is greater than 1, it is heavy cargo, and if it is less than 1, it is unsold cargo. However, many voyages now have weight restrictions, so the ratio is adjusted to about 1 ton/1.5CBM.

For air freight, the ratio is 1000 to 6, which is equivalent to 1CBM=166.6KGS. If 1CBM exceeds 166.6, it is heavy cargo. On the contrary, it is fake cargo.

This article’s classification of heavy goods, light goods/paved goods, and flat goods is for reference only. It doesn't mean that this is actually the case. There is often a big gap between theory and practice. And in practice, different companies may have different regulations. You need to consult the freight forwarding company, transportation company, courier company or logistics company specifically.